Syntaxe complète SELECT
Les sections précédentes ont utilisé des fragments incomplets ou simplifiés de la syntaxe de l’opérateur SELECT
. La syntaxe complète est donnée ci-dessous.
Note
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Dans la mesure du possible, la syntaxe ci-dessous utilise les noms de syntaxe de la norme SQL, qui ne sont pas nécessairement les mêmes que les noms de syntaxe dans le code source de Firebird. Dans certains cas, les représentations syntaxiques ont été regroupées parce que les représentations de la norme SQL sont détaillées et parce qu’elles sont également utilisées pour ajouter des règles ou des définitions supplémentaires à un élément syntaxique. Bien que la syntaxe complète soit décrite ici, certaines représentations ne sont pas affichées (par exemple, La syntaxe suivante n’inclut pas la syntaxe PSQL |
SELECT
<cursor-specification> ::= <query-expression> [<updatability-clause>] [<lock-clause>] <query-expression> ::= [<with-clause>] <query-expression-body> [<order-by-clause>] [{ <rows-clause> | [<result-offset-clause>] [<fetch-first-clause>] }] <with-clause> ::= WITH [RECURSIVE] <with-list-element> [, <with-list-element> ...] <with-list-element> ::= query-name [(<column-name-list>)] AS (<query-expression>) <column-name-list> ::= column-name [, column-name ...] <query-expression-body> ::= <query-term> | <query-expression-body> UNION [{ DISTINCT | ALL }] <query-term> <query-term> ::= <query-primary> <query-primary> ::= <query-specification> | (<query-expression-body> [<order-by-clause>] [<result-offset-clause>] [<fetch-first-clause>]) <query-specification> ::= SELECT <limit-clause> [{ ALL | DISTINCT }] <select-list> FROM <table-reference> [, <table-reference> ...] [WHERE <search-condition>] [GROUP BY <value-expression> [, <value-expression> ...]] [HAVING <search-condition>] [WINDOW <window-definition> [, <window-definition> ...]] [PLAN <plan-expression>] <limit-clause> ::= [FIRST <limit-expression>] [SKIP <limit-expression>] <limit-expression> ::= <integer-literal> | <query-parameter> | (<value-expression>) <select-list> ::= * | <select-sublist> [, <select-sublist> ...] <select-sublist> ::= table-alias.* | <value-expression> [[AS] column-alias] <table-reference> ::= <table-primary> | <joined-table> <table-primary> ::= <table-or-query-name> [[AS] correlation-name] | [LATERAL] <derived-table> [<correlation-or-recognition>] | <parenthesized-joined-table> <table-or-query-name> ::= table-name | query-name | [package-name.]procedure-name [(<procedure-args>)] <procedure-args> ::= <value-expression> [, <value-expression> ...] <correlation-or-recognition> ::= [AS] correlation-name [(<column-name-list>)] <derived-table> ::= (<query-expression>) <parenthesized-joined-table> ::= (<parenthesized-joined-table>) | (<joined-table>) <joined-table> ::= <cross-join> | <natural-join> | <qualified-join> <cross-join> <table-reference> CROSS JOIN <table-primary> <natural-join> ::= <table-reference> NATURAL [<join-type>] JOIN <table-primary> <join-type> ::= INNER | { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [OUTER] <qualified-join> ::= <table-reference> [<join-type>] JOIN <table-primary> { ON <search-condition> | USING (<column-name-list>) } <window-definition> ::= new-window-name AS (<window-specification-details>) <window-specification-details> ::= [existing-window-name] [<window-partition-clause>] [<order-by-clause>] [<window-frame-clause>] <window-partition-clause> ::= PARTITION BY <value-expression> [, <value-expression> ...] <order-by-clause> ::= ORDER BY <sort-specification> [, <sort-specification> ...] <sort-specification> ::= <value-expression> [<ordering-specification>] [<null-ordering>] <ordering-specification> ::= ASC | ASCENDING | DESC | DESCENDING <null-ordering> ::= NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST <window-frame-clause> ::= { RANGE | ROWS } <window-frame-extent> <window-frame-extent> ::= <window-frame-start> | <window-frame-between> <window-frame-start> ::= UNBOUNDED PRECEDING | <value-expression> PRECEDING | CURRENT ROW <window-frame-between> ::= BETWEEN { UNBOUNDED PRECEDING | <value-expression> PRECEDING | CURRENT ROW | <value-expression> FOLLOWING } AND { <value-expression> PRECEDING | CURRENT ROW | <value-expression> FOLLOWING | UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING } <rows-clause> ::= ROWS <value-expression> [TO <value-expression>] <result-offset-clause> :: = OFFSET <offset-fetch-expression> { ROW | ROWS } <offset-fetch-expression> ::= <integer-literal> | <query-parameter> <fetch-first-clause> ::= [FETCH { FIRST | NEXT } [<offset-fetch-expression>] { ROW | ROWS } ONLY] <updatability-clause> ::= FOR UPDATE [OF <column-name-list>] <lock-clause> ::= WITH LOCK [SKIP LOCKED]